تحلیلی از روانپزشکی ایران در آغاز تمدن اسلامی

Medicine in Iran in the early Islamic period (comparable to the 6th -10th centuries A.D.) has been reviewed briefly. The distinguished physicians of that period, like Razes (830-892 , A. D.). Avicenna (865-925, A.D>), Georgeani (1041-1136, A.D.) and others made distinction between medicine and philosophy employing latter in the service of medicine, They exercised the principles of "Logic" in the nalysis of medical findings (the observable facts) and in their experimentations. This, resulted in to postulate the advantageous workable view of what is known today as "psycho-somatic approach to the medicine": In this respect, Georgeani states that "the medical man, first, must know the substantial temperament of his patient and its mode of progression throughout the life he should ascertain the types of the predominan mood, habits and temper, and recognize whether he is happy, joyful, sad etc". Having adopted this point of view, it ensues then, that they were looking at mentally ill person not as somebody who is posessed by evil spirits (as it was the case in the middle ages in Europe) but they believed that mental illnesses are a product of the malfunctioning brain, and consequently in need of medical treatment. It is of interest to note that there can also be found evidences in the old Persian literaure indicating the presence of a similar opinion among laymen as well.